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With the introduction of the Abarth twin cam 982cc engine came the 1000 Biabero. It used many of the same design principles from the 750 Record Monza and 700 Biabero models which were produced in earlier years. These were specially built race cars that employed Fiat components and were tuned for motor sports.

The car's engine was a derivative of same found in the Fiat 600, but with an enlarged bore and stoke. Added to this was a special DOHC cylinder head that used hemispherical combustion chambers and an increased compression ratio. Along with an improved intake and exhaust the 1000 Biabero could produce 91 bhp - nearly 100 bhp per liter.

A smaller version of this engine was used to power a Pininfarina bodied prototype that beat many records and averaged 190 kph over two days. During the celebrations for this achievement, the Biabero was launched and emphasis on engine reliability was made.

The new car had numerous styling changes executed by Sibona & Basono but most of the shape came from the earlier 1959 Record Monza cars which were bodied by Zagato.

The 1000 Biabero first publicly appeared at the 1961 Turin Motor Show where its price of 'LIT2.600.00' was announced. It was built alongside the 700 Biabero which shared the same chassis and engine design. The main difference between the two, aside from engine size, was the use of disc brakes on the 1000.

1961 was a successful season for the 700/1000 coupes and the latter did particularly well in the 1000cc class which it won almost every time out. By September, a front mounted radiator was installed and a small cutout was made for it around the front badge. Also in September, Abarth offered a road-going version called the 1000 Monomille that featured a detuned single cam engine and split chrome bumper bars.

In 1962, 1000 Biabero production continued alongside a new Simca-powered model called the 1300 GT which would eventually overshadow it. One of the highlight victories that year came at the 500 kms of the Nurburgring where 14 Abarths were entered and won the event outright. This gave Abarth the 1962 Manufacturers Championship title for Division 1 (up to 1000cc cars). For the rest of the year, Biaberos often won sub-class victories and dominated the Italian Champioship sub-classes.

The success of the Biabero in 1962 motivated Abarth to improve the model for 1963. Most of the changes were made to the shape of the body which was extended at the engine hood to improve stability. Along with a new five speed transmission, top speed was now 210 kph. These improvements helped Abarth again secure the Division 1 championship.

Before the end of 1963, a long nose variant was introduced with a new body from Sibona & Bassano. It featured a fiberglass, front-opening hood that replaced the fixed aluminum unit. This feature was standard in 1964, with a slight power increase to 104 bhp @ 8000 rpm and a top speed of 220 kph. Although the model was updated, focus shifted in 1964 to the larger displacement cars, especially after Division 1 was increased to 1300cc.

Bibliography and Further Reading

Braden, Pat & Schmidt, Greg. Abarth Fiat Simca Porsche Street Race Record, Osprey, United Kingdom: 1983.
Cosentino, Alfred. Abarth Guide, Nigensha Publishing, Japan: 1984.
Greggio, Luciano. Abarth, the man, the machines, Giorgio Nada Editoire, Italy: 2002.

Story by Richard Owen for Supercars.net

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